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Outcomes in randomized controlled trials on slowing myopia: A systematic review
Yiyang Xu1, Nan Chen2, Fei Zhang3
1School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Journal of Optometry
|September 1, 2025
Summary
This review analyzed myopia control studies, finding diverse outcome measures but no standardized approach. Further research is needed to establish consistent outcome reporting for myopia interventions.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Clinical Trials
- Public Health
Background:
- Myopia prevalence is increasing globally.
- Effective myopia control strategies are crucial for preventing vision impairment.
- Standardized outcome reporting is essential for comparing intervention efficacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze outcome measure methods and content in myopia slowing studies.
- To investigate associations between reported outcomes and study characteristics.
- To identify trends in outcome reporting over time and by study type.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of 599 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from seven databases (up to Sept 2023).
- Extraction of study characteristics: publication time, region, duration, sample size, intervention, and outcomes.
- Assessment of outcome measurement methods and risk of bias.
Main Results:
- Refraction (64.94%) and vision (52.75%) were the most common outcomes.
- Studies published in Chinese (79.80%) surged post-2005, with increased refraction reporting.
- Longer studies (>6 months) and specific interventions (contact lenses, spectacles) showed higher usage of refraction and axial length measurements.
Conclusions:
- Clinical trials for myopia slowing report diverse outcomes.
- There is a lack of a standardized set of outcomes for myopia control research.
- Standardization is needed to improve the comparability and reliability of myopia intervention studies.
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