Critical period of weed-crop competition in irrigated chickpea as a tool for judicious weed control

Studies to appraise critical period of weed competition (CPWC) in Desi and Kabuli chickpea were undertaken during 2017-18 and 2018-19 winter growing seasons. Desi (Punjab-2008) and Kabuli (Noor-2009) chickpea crops were subjected to different durations of weed competition [competition for 20 days after sowing (DAS), 40, 60 and 80 DAS] as well as weed-free periods [weed-free till 20, 40, 60 and 80 DAS]. Season-long weed check and weed-free plots were also maintained for both chickpea genotypes. Relative yield data under such treatments were fitted to logistic and Gompertz equations. Increasing period of weed competitions (from 20 to 80 DAS) had a diminishing effect on dry matter accumulation and crop growth rate of chickpea. Weed competition reduced crop dry matter by 18, 37, 51 and 56% compared to weed-free conditions when weeds competed with chickpea crop for 20, 40, 60 and 80 DAS, respectively. Seasonal crop growth rate was reduced from 6.79 g m^-2 day^-1 to 3.61 g m^-2 day^-1 when weeds competed with crop from 20 to 80 DAS as against 8.51 g m^-2 day^-1 recorded for weed-free crop. The season-long weed competition resulted in 60% reduction in crop dry matter. Weed competition reduced chickpea yield irrespective of genotype by reducing the related components. Results revealed that weed competition even for 20 DAS was detrimental to chickpea crop. The CPWC based on 10% yield loss range from 6 to 119 and 10-118 DAS for Desi Chickpea, and 5-115 and 8-108 DAS for Kabuli chickpea during 2017-18 and 2018-19, respectively. Information on CPWC can be used as a tool for judicious weed control in irrigated chickpea.