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Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

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Illness Anxiety and Interpersonal Guilt.

Marta Rodini¹, Gaia Piscopiello², Martina Trevisan²

¹Control-Mastery Theory Italian Group, Rome, Italy.

Psychodynamic Psychiatry

|September 2, 2025

Summary

Interpersonal guilt, particularly separation/disloyalty guilt, significantly contributes to illness anxiety in individuals with general anxiety. Addressing guilt and autonomic reactivity is key for effective psychotherapy outcomes.

Keywords:

anxiety autonomic reactivity control-mastery theory illness anxiety interpersonal guilt

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Clinical Psychology
Psychiatry

Background:

Illness anxiety is a significant concern impacting mental health.
Control-mastery theory offers a framework for understanding psychological distress.
The interplay between guilt, anxiety, and somatic symptoms requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between illness anxiety and interpersonal guilt.
To explore associations between illness anxiety and general anxiety, depression, alexithymia, and autonomic reactivity.
To examine the influence of sociodemographic factors and childhood experiences on illness anxiety.

Main Methods:

201 participants completed validated questionnaires assessing illness anxiety, interpersonal guilt, anxiety, depression, alexithymia, personality functioning, and autonomic reactivity.
Sociodemographic data and childhood experiences were collected.
Correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed.

Main Results:

Illness anxiety was positively associated with interpersonal guilt, general anxiety, depression, alexithymia, and autonomic reactivity.
Separation/disloyalty guilt and burdening guilt were most strongly linked to illness anxiety.
General anxiety emerged as the strongest predictor of illness anxiety, followed by separation/disloyalty guilt and autonomic reactivity.

Conclusions:

Interpersonal guilt appears to be a crucial factor in maintaining illness anxiety.
The combination of anxiety, separation/disloyalty guilt, and autonomic overreactivity contributes to illness anxiety.
Therapeutic interventions targeting guilt and autonomic regulation may improve outcomes for individuals with illness anxiety.