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Capillary Electrophoresis Mass Spectrometry Approaches for Characterization of the Protein and Metabolite Corona Acquired by Nanomaterials

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Layer-by-Layer Nanoparticle Outer Polyion Impacts Protein Corona Formation.

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Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Surface modifications on layer-by-layer (LbL) nanoparticles influence protein corona formation, impacting their cellular uptake and biodistribution for improved drug delivery.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Nanotechnology
Drug Delivery

Background:

Nanoparticles (NPs) surface properties are critical for targeted delivery.
Protein corona formation on NPs alters their biological fate and therapeutic efficacy.
Layer-by-layer (LbL) NPs offer tunable surface properties through outer polyion layers.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of LbL NP outer layers on protein corona composition and subsequent biological interactions.
To determine if controlling protein corona formation can optimize NP performance for therapeutic applications.

Main Methods:

Optimized ultrafiltration for isolating LbL NPs with protein coronas.
Mass spectrometry to analyze protein corona composition.
In vitro cell uptake studies (macrophages, ovarian cancer cells).
In vivo studies assessing serum half-life and biodistribution.

Main Results:

Anionic homopolypeptide (PLD, PLE) and PAA outer layers showed lower protein association compared to PEG liposomes.
Protein corona composition varied among LbL NP types, with albumin, alpha-2-macroglobulin, and apolipoprotein B being abundant.
Pre-formed protein coronas differentially affected NP uptake in macrophages and cancer cells.
LbL NP outer layer significantly influenced in vivo serum half-life and biodistribution.

Conclusions:

LbL NPs can be engineered to modulate protein corona formation.
Understanding NP-biological fluid interactions is key for developing clinically translatable NP platforms.
Surface chemistry of LbL NPs dictates protein corona and subsequent in vitro/in vivo behavior.