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Updated: Sep 9, 2025

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Win Ratio in Biomedical Science: A Bibliometric Analysis.

Zhenyu Li1,2, Aliya Izumi2, Dominique Vervoort3,4

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

CJC Open
|September 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The win ratio (WR) is increasingly used in biomedical research for analyzing composite outcomes. Its application is expanding beyond cardiology, showing significant growth and adaptability for prioritizing clinically relevant events.

Keywords:
bibliometric analysiscardiologyclinical trialstatisticswin ratio

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Area of Science:

  • Biostatistics
  • Clinical Trials Methodology
  • Health Research

Background:

  • The win ratio (WR) offers a method for analyzing hierarchical composite outcomes, prioritizing clinically significant events.
  • Its application beyond cardiovascular trials remains largely unexplored.
  • This study investigates the trends and characteristics of WR adoption in biomedical research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in the utilization of the win ratio (WR) in biomedical research.
  • To identify the characteristics of studies employing the WR methodology.
  • To assess the adoption of WR beyond its traditional use in cardiovascular research.

Main Methods:

  • Bibliometric analysis of biomedical articles indexed in Web of Science and PubMed (2012-2024).
  • Data extraction included bibliometric and content details.
  • Statistical analyses involved descriptive statistics, correlation, and linear regression.

Main Results:

  • A significant growth in WR publications was observed, with a 30.2% annual compounded growth rate.
  • Randomized controlled trials constituted the majority of studies (82.9%), with 67.6% in cardiology.
  • The unmatched WR was the predominant approach (69.5%), and mortality was the most frequent primary outcome (67.1%).

Conclusions:

  • The win ratio (WR) is recognized as a robust method for analyzing composite endpoints, especially in cardiovascular research.
  • Its adaptability and focus on clinically relevant outcomes suggest potential for broader biomedical applications.
  • Further research can explore challenges and best practices for WR implementation across diverse scientific disciplines.