A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Therapeutic Effect of Aloe Vera Extract on Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Among its complications, diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) pose a significant healthcare challenge which result from impaired healing and infection risks, demanding better therapies. The aloe vera extract promotes wound healing by enhancing tissue regeneration and offering antimicrobial effects. This study evaluates its therapeutic effect on DFUs through a randomized controlled trial. Methods The study involved 60 patients sampled and followed up between May 1, 2025, and June 15, 2025. It compared wound healing outcomes between two groups selected by the lottery method. A control group (30 patients) receiving standard care and a blinded study group (30 patients) treated with aloe vera extract were assessed using the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool (BWAT). Wound healing was monitored on days 0, 14, and 28, and data were analyzed for significant differences. Results The study's demographic data showed comparable baseline characteristics between groups, with no adverse effects from aloe vera use. BWAT scores were recorded on days 0, 14, and 28, and the average scores for the case group and the control group, respectively, were 42±3.11 and 43±3.58 on day 0, 31±2.16 and 35±2.61 on day 14, 19±2.17 and 25±2.17 on day 28. Average scores decreased more rapidly in the case group than in the control group. A chi-square test confirmed a significant association between aloe vera treatment and enhanced wound healing (p = 0.0029). Conclusion This single-blinded randomized controlled trial shows that topical aloe vera significantly improves DFU healing compared to standard care. Its effects are likely due to the promotion of angiogenesis, reduction in inflammation, and antimicrobial action. Aloe vera is a safe, affordable option, especially for low-resource settings. Larger studies with longer follow-up are needed to confirm and expand its clinical use.