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Retrospective Electronic Medical Records Study to Understand the Usage Patterns and Patient Profiles of Those

Sunil Lhila1, Arindam Pande2, Rohit Kumar3

  • 1Cardiology, Rabindranath Tagore International Institute of Cardiac Sciences, Kolkata, IND.

Cureus
|September 2, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Amlodipine effectively lowers blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive patients, showing good tolerability with a low incidence of pedal edema in the Indian population.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hypertension, a lifestyle disorder, requires blood pressure (BP) management, with amlodipine (a calcium channel blocker) being a first-line treatment.
  • Understanding amlodipine's effectiveness and tolerability in diverse patient populations is crucial for optimizing hypertension management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effectiveness of amlodipine or its combinations in reducing blood pressure (BP).
  • To evaluate the tolerability of amlodipine, specifically the incidence of pedal edema.
  • To analyze treatment patterns of amlodipine in hypertensive patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, longitudinal study using electronic medical records (EMR) of hypertensive patients.
  • Analysis of anonymized data focusing on amlodipine prescriptions and their combinations.
  • Outcome measures included changes in systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), and incidence of pedal edema.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant reduction in SBP and DBP was observed with amlodipine or its combination therapies (p < 0.001).
  • The incidence of pedal edema was notably low at 0.91%, significantly lower than previously reported rates.
  • The study included a large cohort, with most participants aged 40-64 years and common comorbidities like dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus.

Conclusions:

  • Amlodipine and its combinations demonstrate significant BP-lowering efficacy.
  • Amlodipine exhibits good tolerability with a very low incidence of adverse effects like pedal edema.
  • Findings support the effectiveness and favorable safety profile of amlodipine in the Indian hypertensive population.
Abstract

Keywords:
amlodipinecalcium channel blockerelectronic medical recordshypertensionpedal edema

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