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Published on: November 20, 2015
Risk factors and outcomes in preterm versus full-term infants with abusive head trauma: A retrospective comparative
Erin Klements1, Robin L Peterson1, William A Anastasiadis1
1Children's Hospital Colorado, 13123 E 16th Ave, Aurora, CO 80045, United States; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12631 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
Background:
Premature birth is a risk factor for abusive head trauma (AHT), but no prior studies have compared preterm and term infants with AHT.
Objective:
To assess differences in demographics, family/contextual factors, and outcomes between preterm and term infants with AHT.
Participants And Setting:
403 patients (70 preterm) treated for AHT between 2012 and 2020 at a tertiary care children's hospital.
Methods:
Data were collected via chart review. Demographics, family/contextual variables, and a composite score for each Bayley Scales of Infant Development domain were compared between preterm and term patients with independent samples t-tests, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression. Gestational age (GA) corrected and uncorrected Bayley scores for preterm patients were compared using a repeated measures ANOVA.
Results:
Preterm infants had significantly lower height (p < .001, d = 0.50) and weight (p < .001, d = 0.44) percentiles, but no other significant demographic or family/contextual differences were found. Preterm children earned numerically higher Bayley scores than term infants with GA correction and lower scores without correction. Corrected Bayley scores were significantly higher than uncorrected for preterm infants in the Cognitive (p < .001, η2p = 0.083), Expressive Language (p = .005, η2p = 0.052), Fine Motor (p = .001, η2p = 0.045), and Gross Motor (p = .008, η2p = 0.031) domains.
Conclusions:
While no significant differences in demographics or family/contextual variables were observed, age corrected Bayley scores were significantly higher than uncorrected scores for preterm infants with AHT.
