Porous Janus membrane for ultrasensitive detection and efficient degradation of sulfur mustard simulant

The development of integrated systems for simultaneous chemical threat detection and decontamination is hindered by inherent sensitivity-efficiency trade-offs. We address this challenge through interfacial engineering of a Janus membrane combining D-A molecule functionalized MOFs with PDMS. A gas-liquid interfacial self-assembly strategy enables the creation of a microporous PDMS top layer for vapor preconcentration and vertically aligned MOF nanochannels (2.8 nm diameter) with D-A modified surfaces. This asymmetric architecture achieves dual functionality through ultrasensitive 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) detection at 5 ppb via chalcogen-bond selective recognition within polarized MOF cavities, coupled with in situ photocatalytic neutralization at triphasic interfaces that convert CEES to non-toxic sulfoxide under sunlight via ¹O₂ radical-mediated oxidation. The system prevents secondary contamination through continuous gas-liquid-solid phase partitioning, establishing a prototype for next-generation chemical protective materials with molecular recognition-catalysis integration.