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Updated: May 4, 2026

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Kangaroo Cuddle Transport for Neonatal Palliative Care: A Service Evaluation

Jacqueline Plazina1,2,3, Melissa Melville1, Li-An Collie1

  • 1NeoRESQ, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia.

Nursing in Critical Care
|September 2, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Newborn infants can be safely transferred for end-of-life palliative care using a kangaroo cuddle method. This innovative transport model provides a meaningful option for families, ensuring infant comfort and safety during transfer.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal care
  • Palliative care
  • Transport medicine

Background:

  • Over 60% of childhood deaths occur in newborn infants, with most end-of-life care in hospitals.
  • Unlike adults and children, neonates lack specialized palliative care settings.
  • A neonatal retrieval service developed a kangaroo cuddle transport model to support family choice for palliative care at home or hospice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate service workflows for kangaroo cuddle transport.
  • To assess clinical characteristics of neonates undergoing this transport.
  • To determine the safety, effectiveness, and required processes and personnel for this care model.

Main Methods:

  • Service evaluation using the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle.
  • Outcomes assessed across five domains: workflow, population, safety, process/equipment, and personnel.
  • Safety measures evaluated via PDSA cycles and service acceptability.

Main Results:

  • 13 of 21 families chose kangaroo cuddle transport.
  • Most neonates were term gestation and >1200g.
  • No adverse events occurred; staff feedback was positive; median prep time was 0.5h, transport time 4h.

Conclusions:

  • Kangaroo cuddle transport is a safe and effective method for neonatal end-of-life palliative care.
  • This model offers a meaningful service for neonatal patients.
  • Further evaluation is needed for preterm neonates due to potential complexity.
Abstract

Keywords:
kangaroo cuddleneonatepalliative careskin to skintransport

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