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The Expanded LYR Motif-Containing Protein Family in Archaeplastida.

Etienne H Meyer1, Alicia Lopez-Lopez2,3, Olivier Keech3

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Summary

LYR motif (LYRM) proteins are crucial for mitochondrial function in eukaryotes. This study reveals their diversification in Archaeplastida, highlighting their role in regulating mitochondrial biogenesis.

Keywords:
ArchaeplastidaLYR‐motif containing proteinsclassificationmitochondria

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Area of Science:

  • Mitochondrial biology
  • Protein families
  • Plant molecular genetics

Background:

  • LYR motif (LYRM)-containing proteins are eukaryote-specific, involved in mitochondrial processes.
  • These proteins interact with acylated acyl-carrier proteins (mtACPs), linking energy metabolism and biogenesis.
  • Twelve LYRM proteins are known in humans, acting as subunits or assembly factors for mitochondrial complexes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and diversity of LYRM proteins within the Archaeplastida clade.
  • To expand the understanding of LYRM protein families beyond human and model organisms.
  • To explore the potential functions of uncharacterized LYRMs in plants.

Main Methods:

  • Genomic analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana and other Archaeplastida organisms.
  • Comparative analysis of LYRM protein classes across different species.
  • Literature mining, gene expression analysis, and in silico predictions for functional insights.

Main Results:

  • Identified 17 LYRM classes in Archaeplastida, including 10 of the 12 human classes.
  • Found 11 LYRM classes in Arabidopsis, with six additional classes present in other Archaeplastida.
  • Provided insights into the molecular functions of several uncharacterized plant LYRMs.

Conclusions:

  • The LYRM protein family has diversified significantly within Archaeplastida and eukaryotes.
  • LYRM-mtACP interactions are central to regulating mitochondrial biogenesis in response to environmental changes.
  • This study expands the known repertoire of LYRM proteins and their evolutionary context in plants.