Exploring the Healthcare Experiences and Preferences of LGBT+ People: An Online Asynchronous Focus Group Study

To explore experiences of LGBT+ individuals in accessing and receiving healthcare in Ireland, and to identify opportunities for more inclusive and equitable healthcare delivery.

A descriptive qualitative study using asynchronous online focus groups.

Asynchronous online focus groups were conducted using the MURAL collaborative platform over a three-week period in 2023. Participants (n = 43) self-selected into one of three focus groups based on gender and sexual identity. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis to generate key themes.

Four themes were identified: (1) Culturally aware healthcare professionals; (2) Access and information; (3) Specialist versus universal services; and (4) Mental health support. Participants reported frequent experiences of misgendering, heteronormative assumptions, and provider inexperience. Geographic inequities, unclear referral pathways, and a lack of centralised, inclusive information were also key barriers. While specialist services were valued, participants advocated for a dual approach that integrates LGBT+ competence into all healthcare settings.

Despite legal and social progress, LGBT+ individuals in Ireland continue to encounter significant barriers to equitable healthcare. The findings highlight a need for improved cultural competence, better access to inclusive services, and systemic reform.

Healthcare providers must receive comprehensive training in LGBT+ health to ensure respectful, appropriate, and inclusive care. Enhanced visibility of inclusive providers and improved service pathways are needed to address current inequities, particularly in mental health and gender-affirming care.

This study identifies key gaps in provider competence, service accessibility, and mental health provision. Findings will inform healthcare education, policy development, and service design to improve experiences and outcomes for LGBT+ individuals in both urban and rural contexts.

This study adhered to the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR).

No patient or public contribution was involved.