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Can Gene Expression Differentiate Patients With Heart Failure due to Coronary Heart Disease From Patients With

Józefa Dąbek1, Joanna Głogowska-Ligus2, Mieczysław Piechota3

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
|September 3, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Transcriptional activity of the TGF-β1 gene and its type III receptor is lower in heart failure patients with coronary artery disease. This finding may help assess disease progression and decompensation.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Molecular Medicine
  • Gene Expression Analysis

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of heart failure (HF).
  • Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) plays a role in cardiac remodeling and fibrosis.
  • Understanding gene expression in HF related to CAD is crucial for prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare TGF-β1 gene and receptor transcriptional activity in patients with HF due to CAD versus CAD without HF.
  • To analyze the influence of risk factors, HF stage, and coronary artery disease severity on gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (QRT-PCR) was used.
  • Study included 105 patients with advanced HF (NYHA III-IV) and 52 patients with CAD without HF.
  • Analysis considered risk factors like myocardial infarction, hypertension, obesity, and family history.

Main Results:

  • Significantly lower TGF-β1 and type III receptor transcriptional activity were observed in advanced HF patients.
  • Risk factors (hypertension, obesity, prior MI, family history) were associated with reduced TGF-β1 expression in HF patients.
  • All TGF-β1 receptor genes showed altered transcriptional activity in HF patients with risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced TGF-β1 and type III receptor expression in HF patients may indicate disease progression.
  • These findings suggest TGF-β1 pathway alterations are linked to HF development in CAD.
  • TGF-β1 transcriptional activity could serve as a clinical marker for assessing CAD progression to HF and its status.

Keywords:
heart failurerisk factorstransforming growth factor β1

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