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Morphological and Compositional Analysis of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Induced by Microbial and Chemical Stimuli
Published on: November 4, 2022
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Characterization of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Translational Study
Sergio Huertas-Nieto1,2, Ana Moraga-Yébenes2,3, Lydia Zamora-Pérez2
1Cardiology Department, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Tenerife, Spain.
Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research
|September 3, 2025
Summary
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a role in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). NET markers were elevated locally in the infarct artery, with peripheral increases after PCI, and IRA NE levels predicted cardiovascular events.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are increasingly recognized for their role in thrombosis and inflammation.
- Their specific kinetics, local distribution, and prognostic significance in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) require further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the compartmentalized kinetics and clinical relevance of NETs in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).
- To assess the association of NET markers with cardiovascular events and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study of 144 AMI patients undergoing PCI.
- Quantification of NET markers (dsDNA, MPO, NE) in infarct-related artery (IRA), contralateral coronary artery (CCA), and peripheral blood.
- Analysis of coronary thrombi and DNASE1 genotype (Q222R).
Main Results:
- NET markers were elevated in the IRA, with peripheral increases in NE and dsDNA post-PCI.
- Higher IRA NE levels independently predicted future cardiovascular events (HR, 1.76).
- Increased NE and citrullinated histone H3 in thrombi correlated with suboptimal PCI outcomes; elevated dsDNA was linked to the GG DNASE1 genotype.
Conclusions:
- NETs exhibit a compartmentalized response in AMI, with distinct local and systemic profiles.
- IRA NE levels hold independent prognostic value for cardiovascular events in AMI patients.
- NET components within coronary thrombi may impact PCI success and are influenced by host genetics.
Keywords:
Acute myocardial infarctionCoronary thrombusDNASE1 polymorphismDouble-stranded DNANSTEMINeutrophil elastaseNeutrophil extracellular trapsNeutrophilsSTEMIMore Related Videos
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