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Current state of nutritional psychiatry: A scoping review of randomized controlled trials
1Department of Psychiatric Internal Medicine, Sunlight Brain Research Center, Hofu 7470066, Yamaguchi, Japan. anagamine@yahoo.co.jp.
Background:
Nutritional psychiatry is a rapidly expanding field of research, with mounting evidence suggesting that nutritional factors may play a role in the development of psychiatric disorders.
Aim:
To examine the level of evidence for nutritional psychiatry.
Methods:
A scoping review was conducted to assess the current state of nutritional psychiatry, including a search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Results:
The review identified a total of seven papers, with many concentrating on the relationship between depression and the gut microbiome. A salient issue that emerged from this review was the paucity of sample size in many studies. The inherent complexity of nutritional studies, characterized by a multitude of potential factors and exposures that often act as confounders, poses significant challenges to the development of effective RCT designs. The analysis revealed that probiotics, though demonstrating efficacy, exhibited a modest effect size.
Conclusion:
Conducting RCTs with effective markers is imperative from these studies. The implementation of Mendelian randomization and the investigation of mechanisms in basic research are essential complementary approaches.
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