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Fueling the Mind: Brain Metabolism in Health and Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

Domenico Marano, Vittoria Mariano, Gaia Novarino1

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The brain

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Metabolic regulation
  • Developmental biology

Background:

  • The adult human brain consumes 20% of the body's glucose, with higher demand in early life.
  • Brain metabolism is dynamically regulated throughout development, varying by cell type and stage.
  • Metabolic regulation is crucial for cell proliferation, differentiation, and synaptic activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of brain metabolism regulation in health and disease.
  • To explore the interplay between metabolic pathways, epigenetics, and neurodevelopment.
  • To highlight the role of metabolic perturbations in neurodevelopmental disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on brain metabolism.
  • Analysis of studies on metabolic regulation during neural development.
  • Examination of the link between metabolism, epigenetics, and gene expression.

Main Results:

  • Distinct metabolic signatures exist for different brain cell types and developmental stages.
  • Metabolism influences epigenetic modifications, impacting gene expression and biological responses.
  • Dysregulation of brain metabolic pathways is a common cause of neurodevelopmental disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Brain metabolism is a complex, dynamic process critical for neural development and function.
  • The interplay between metabolism and epigenetics is vital for normal brain development.
  • Understanding these pathways offers insights into neurodevelopmental disorders and potential therapeutic targets.