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Related Concept Videos

Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac muscle...
Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
Holter Monitor: 24-Hour Monitoring01:23

Holter Monitor: 24-Hour Monitoring

Holter monitoring is a continuous electrocardiography (ECG) recording that tracks the heart's electrical activity over an extended period, generally 24 to 48 hours. This noninvasive diagnostic tool detects irregular heart rhythms that may not be captured during a standard ECG performed in a clinical setting.DeviceThe Holter monitor is a portable, small device connected to several electrodes on the patient's chest. These electrodes detect the heart's electrical signals and transmit them to the...
Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
Dysrhythmias VI: Management of Dysrhythmias01:25

Dysrhythmias VI: Management of Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmia management involves a multifaceted approach, incorporating pharmacological treatments, medical procedures, surgical interventions, lifestyle modifications, and patient education.Pharmacological ManagementAntiarrhythmic Drugs:Class I (Sodium Channel Blockers): This class includes quinidine and procainamide, which reduce the speed of impulse conduction in the heart, stabilize the cardiac membrane, and control arrhythmias. Quinidine and procainamide are Class IA agents that prolong the...

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Engineering peptide-catecholamine co-assembled nanostructures for tunable fluorescence.

Ruoyang Zhao1, Xinmin Zhao2, Feng Gao3

  • 1Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
|September 3, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Scientists engineered peptide-catecholamine co-assemblies for tunable fluorescence. Hydrophobic cores enhanced fluorescence and enabled targeted cancer cell killing, offering a new design approach for bio-applications.

Keywords:
CatecholamineFluorescent nanostructuresNovel biomaterialsPeptide engineeringSupramolecular co-assembly

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Precise control over hydrophobic microenvironments in synthetic peptide-catecholamine co-assemblies is crucial for tunable fluorescence.
  • Existing methods face challenges in achieving this precise engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a supramolecular design strategy for engineering hydrophobic confinement in peptide-catecholamine co-assemblies.
  • To enable programmable fluorescence tuning and targeted bio-applications.

Main Methods:

  • Hierarchical nanostructures were created using sequence-specific peptides (GYK tripeptide, Ac-IIIGYK-NH₂ hexapeptide) and catecholamines with varying hydrophobicity.
  • Structural dynamics were investigated using molecular simulations, High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • Hydrophobic groups formed compact cores, isolating chromophores from water quenching and significantly enhancing fluorescence intensity.
  • Emission was red-shifted by approximately 40 nm due to hydrophobic shielding, confirmed by molecular dynamics simulations reducing water penetration and extending exciton lifetimes.
  • Antiparallel β-sheet hexapeptides templated pH-switchable nanoribbons, and tyrosinase-responsive co-assemblies demonstrated selective cytotoxicity in B16 melanoma cells.

Conclusions:

  • Peptide-catecholamine interfacial interactions govern hydrophobic confinement, providing a paradigm for supramolecular design.
  • This approach enables programmable fluorescence tuning and opens avenues for targeted biomedical applications, including cancer therapy.