Phytosanitary Challenges and Solutions for Roots and Tubers in the Tropics

Area of Science:

• Agricultural Science
• Plant Pathology
• Food Security

Background:

• Vegetatively propagated crops like cassava, potato, sweetpotato, and yam (roots and tubers, RTs) are vital for food security in low- and middle-income countries.
• Phytosanitary issues in tropical regions cause significant yield and quality losses in RTs.
• Production challenges are exacerbated by institutional limitations and pathogen buildup during clonal propagation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline a multifaceted approach to address phytosanitary challenges in tropical root and tuber crops.
• To identify key strategies for improving the availability and quality of planting materials for RTs.
• To consider the impact of climate change and diverse sociocultural environments on RT production.

Main Methods:

• Reviewing existing challenges in RT production and seed systems.
• Synthesizing strategies for improving crop health and resilience.
• Proposing integrated approaches including breeding, seed system strengthening, and policy development.

Main Results:

• Effective strategies include enhancing access to clean planting materials through robust seed systems.
• Breeding for host resistance and disseminating resistant varieties are crucial.
• Strengthening on-farm seed management and implementing effective policies are essential.

Conclusions:

• A comprehensive strategy is needed to tackle phytosanitary challenges in RTs, encompassing improved seed systems, resistant varieties, and policy interventions.
• Capacity strengthening, research on emergent pathogens, and regional cooperation are vital cross-cutting activities.
• Harmonizing phytosanitary standards is necessary for managing transboundary seed movement and ensuring food security.