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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports
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Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports

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The tumor-microbe connection.

Gerlanda Vella1, Maria Rescigno1,2

  • 1IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.

Molecular Oncology
|September 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tumor-associated bacteria (TAB) interact with the tumor microenvironment (TME), impacting cancer progression and treatment. Understanding these host-microbe interactions is key to developing new cancer therapies.

Keywords:
intratumoral microbiotametastasistherapy efficacytumor microenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Microbiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Tumors are increasingly recognized as complex ecosystems containing microbes, challenging the sterile tumor paradigm.
  • Tumor-associated bacteria (TAB) engage in intricate crosstalk with the tumor microenvironment (TME).
  • This interaction influences critical cancer hallmarks including immunity, metastasis, and therapeutic efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current knowledge on tumor-associated bacteria (TAB) and their role in cancer.
  • To highlight key questions regarding the origins and functions of TAB within the TME.
  • To explore the mechanisms of host-microbe interactions in cancer biology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of recent findings in the field of tumor microbiology.
  • Analysis of the interplay between TAB and cellular components of the TME.
  • Identification of critical knowledge gaps and future research directions.

Main Results:

  • TAB are integral components of the TME, influencing host immunity and cancer progression.
  • The precise mechanisms by which TAB affect tumor biology are still under investigation.
  • Host-microbe interactions within the TME present potential therapeutic targets.

Conclusions:

  • Deciphering TAB-TME interactions is crucial for advancing cancer treatment.
  • Further research into bacterial sources and functional roles is needed.
  • Targeting host-microbe crosstalk offers novel strategies for cancer therapy.