1+1>2: Synergistic Integration and Biomedical Applications of Nanozyme@Hydrogel Platforms

Nanozyme-based therapies have shown substantial promise in antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer applications. The success of nanozymes in these areas largely depends on strategies such as chemical modification, ligand coupling, or carrier encapsulation, which enhance their in vivo stability and catalytic activity. Hydrogels, characterized by their soft, water-swollen three-dimensional (3D) networks, possess unique features such as biodegradability, tunable physicochemical properties, and injectability. Recently, their integration into nanozyme therapies has garnered significant attention. Specifically, the hydrogel matrix optimizes the dispersion of nanozymes and enables spatiotemporal control over their release, thereby enhancing catalytic performance. Concurrently, the incorporation of nanozymes endows hydrogels with multifunctional properties, including anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects, while markedly improving their mechanical strength, adhesiveness, and conductivity. The synergy achieved by embedding nanozymes within hydrogels holds considerable potential for biomedical applications. This review provides a concise overview of the definitions, classifications, and functionalities of nanozymes and hydrogels, systematically summarizes the significant role of nanozyme@hydrogel platforms in achieving a "1+1>2" effect, and explores their combined application in the biomedical field. The article concludes with a discussion on the future potential of nanozyme@hydrogel platforms in precision medicine, analyzing the opportunities and challenges within the field and offering new perspectives on the delivery of nanozymes.