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33 Unresolved Questions in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
Chad A Mirkin1,2, Sarah Hurst Petrosko1, Natalie Artzi3,4,5
1Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.
ACS Nano
|September 4, 2025
Summary
Nanoscience and nanotechnology drive innovation by merging diverse scientific fields. Exploring 33 key questions in these interdisciplinary areas offers solutions for energy, medicine, and environmental challenges.
Area of Science:
- Nanoscience and nanotechnology are inherently interdisciplinary fields.
- Convergence of chemistry, physics, biology, medicine, materials science, and engineering.
Background:
- Interdisciplinary research fosters novel thinking and technological advancements.
- Nanoscience enables development of transformative materials, tools, and technologies.
Discussion:
- This work identifies 33 critical questions across various scientific domains.
- Answers to these questions could profoundly impact energy, electronics, environment, optics, and medicine.
Key Insights:
- Highlights the need for deeper foundational understanding in nanoscience.
- Emphasizes the requirement for improved tools, techniques, and innovative applications.
Outlook:
- Presents a global call-to-action for the scientific community.
- Focuses on societal relevance and addressing critical challenges through nanotechnology.

