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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis
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Psychotic-like experiences, sleep problems, and loneliness: A population-based study.

Andrew Stickley1, Aya Shirama1, Ayumu Wada2

  • 1Department of Preventive Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan.

Psychiatry Research
|September 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Extreme sleep problems significantly increase the odds of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in Japanese adults. For those with PLEs, severe sleep issues also heighten feelings of loneliness.

Keywords:
Cross-sectional studyJapanLonelyPsychotic symptomsSleep

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are linked to sleep disturbances.
  • Sleep problems may exacerbate negative outcomes in individuals with PLEs.
  • The relationship between sleep, PLEs, and loneliness in Japan requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between sleep problems and PLEs in the Japanese general population.
  • To investigate if sleep problems mediate the link between PLEs and loneliness.

Main Methods:

  • Online survey of 3717 Japanese adults (aged 18+).
  • Assessment of PLEs using the PRIME Screen-Revised (PS-R).
  • Evaluation of sleep problems via a single-item self-report measure.
  • Logistic regression analyses were performed.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with extreme sleep problems had significantly higher odds of PLEs (OR: 2.93, 95% CI: 1.38-6.23) after adjusting for covariates.
  • PLEs were significantly associated with loneliness only when extreme sleep problems were present (OR: 4.45, 95% CI: 1.12-17.70).

Conclusions:

  • Extreme sleep problems are a significant correlate of PLEs in Japanese adults.
  • Severe sleep difficulties may contribute to loneliness among individuals experiencing PLEs.
  • Targeting sleep problems in this population may offer broader mental health benefits.