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A multimethod assessment of the vascular surgery program director experience in creating effective training
Margaret A Reilly1, Christina L Cui2, Yue Jiang3
1Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.
Journal of Vascular Surgery
|September 4, 2025
Summary
Vascular surgery program directors (PDs) face challenges in promoting trainee wellness, needing more resources and protected time. Supporting PDs requires addressing administrative burdens and resource gaps to improve surgical education environments.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Surgical Training
- Program Administration
Background:
- Surgical training, particularly in vascular surgery, faces unique challenges impacting trainee wellness.
- Program Directors (PDs) are crucial in shaping effective learning environments for surgical trainees.
- Improving trainee wellness is a significant focus in recent surgical education efforts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the experiences of vascular surgery PDs in fostering effective learning environments for trainees.
- To identify the resources, challenges, and rewarding aspects of the PD role in vascular surgery.
- To explore the relationship between PD-perceived resources and trainee wellness metrics.
Main Methods:
- Confidential, voluntary surveys administered to vascular surgery PDs as part of the SECOND Trial.
- Surveys included multiple-choice and free-response questions on wellness interventions, institutional resources, and needs.
- Program-level trainee wellness data was aggregated and analyzed alongside PD survey responses using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests and inductive qualitative analysis.
Main Results:
- Most PDs reported faculty engagement, Graduate Medical Education support, and administrative support.
- Key needs identified by PDs include salary support, funded protected effort, and discretionary educational funds.
- Common challenges involved trainee performance issues, interpersonal conflicts, and institutional goal incongruence; no significant association was found between trainee wellness and PD-perceived resources.
Conclusions:
- Vascular surgery PDs operate in a demanding role with distinct responsibilities and challenges.
- Identifying common barriers and facilitators for PDs can inform the development of widely applicable wellness interventions.
- Supporting PDs necessitates enhancing resources, such as funded protected effort, and mitigating administrative burdens to optimize surgical training environments.
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