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Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...

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Isokinetic Robotic Device to Improve Test-Retest and Inter-Rater Reliability for Stretch Reflex Measurements in Stroke Patients with Spasticity
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The correlation between lower limb spasticity and proprioceptive dysfunction in post-stroke patients.

Shiai Gao1, Zifu Yu2, Xihua Liu3

  • 1School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.

Frontiers in Neurology
|September 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lower limb spasticity in stroke patients is linked to impaired proprioception and altered muscle structure. Musculoskeletal ultrasound effectively quantifies these changes, aiding in spasticity assessment.

Keywords:
correlation analysismusculoskeletal ultrasoundproprioceptionspasms of the lower limbsstroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neurorehabilitation
  • Musculoskeletal Ultrasound
  • Stroke Recovery

Background:

  • Lower limb spasticity is a common and debilitating impairment following stroke.
  • Understanding the relationship between spasticity, proprioception, and muscle structure is crucial for effective rehabilitation.
  • Current methods for assessing spasticity and its related factors have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between lower limb spasticity and proprioception in stroke survivors.
  • To identify factors influencing spasticity in the affected limb.
  • To evaluate the predictive value of musculoskeletal ultrasound parameters for lower limb spasticity.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 80 stroke patients.
  • Assessment of lower limb spasticity using the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS).
  • Quantitative evaluation of proprioception using the Pro-kin balance system (ATE, AWA).
  • Musculoskeletal ultrasound to measure gastrocnemius muscle fiber length, pinnate angle, and thickness.
  • Spearman correlation, multiple linear regression, and ROC curve analysis were employed.

Main Results:

  • Stroke patients exhibited significantly reduced muscle fiber length, pinnate angle, and thickness in the gastrocnemius muscle on the spastic side compared to the healthy side.
  • Spasticity scores (MAS) were significantly correlated with proprioceptive parameters (ATE, AWA) and muscle structure parameters.
  • Muscle pinnate angle, fiber length, thickness, ATE, and AWA were identified as independent influencing factors for MAS score.
  • Musculoskeletal ultrasound parameters, particularly muscle pinnate angle, demonstrated good predictive value for lower limb spasticity.

Conclusions:

  • A significant correlation exists between lower limb spasticity and proprioceptive and muscle structure parameters in stroke patients.
  • Proprioception and muscle structural characteristics are key factors influencing spasticity.
  • Musculoskeletal ultrasound serves as a valuable quantitative tool for assessing lower limb spasticity in stroke rehabilitation.