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Updated: Sep 9, 2025

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Tomato Roots Exhibit Development-Specific Responses to Bacterial-Derived Peptides.

Rebecca Leuschen-Kohl1, Robyn Roberts2, Danielle M Stevens3

  • 1Department of Botany and Plant Pathology and Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.

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|September 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tomato roots activate pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) against soilborne pathogens. This study reveals that Solanum root PTI responses are concentrated in early differentiating root regions, with distinct pathways for FLS3 and CORE receptors.

Keywords:
SlCORESolanum lycopersicum (tomato)flagellinflagelling‐sensing‐2 (SlFLS2)flagellin‐sensing‐3 (SlFLS3)pattern‐triggered immunity

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Area of Science:

  • Plant immunity
  • Molecular plant-pathogen interactions
  • Plant signaling pathways

Background:

  • Plant roots employ pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) via pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) to detect microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs).
  • Root PTI pathways are less understood in crops compared to model plants like Arabidopsis thaliana.
  • Tomato species exhibit unique root architectures and gene expression, suggesting divergent PTI signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize PTI signaling pathways and responses in tomato roots (Solanum lycopersicum and S. pimpinellifolium).
  • To investigate responses downstream of conserved SlFLS2 and Solanaceous-specific FLS3 and CORE immune receptors.
  • To compare PTI responses in wild and domesticated tomato roots.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.
  • Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway activation.
  • Gene expression profiling and assessment of growth inhibition.

Main Results:

  • Solanum root PTI responses are localized to early differentiating root regions.
  • FLS3 and CORE signaling pathways are distinct yet overlapping, differing from the SlFLS2 pathway.
  • While early differentiating root regions show strong PTI responses across tomato species, response dynamics vary with genetic background.

Conclusions:

  • Tomato root immunity is complex and exhibits specificity across species.
  • PTI signaling pathways are developmentally regulated, with significant differences between early and late differentiating root regions.
  • Understanding these specific pathways is crucial for crop improvement against soilborne pathogens.