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The association between chronotype and dietary nutrient patterns.

Mahmut Bodur1, Ahmet Murat Günal2, Zohreh Sajadi Hezaveh3

  • 1Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye.

Chronobiology International
|September 5, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals distinct dietary nutrient patterns associated with different chronotypes, or natural sleep-wake cycles. Morning chronotypes showed a link to Vitamin B-rich diets, while evening types were less likely to consume antioxidant-rich foods.

Keywords:
Chrononutritioncircadian rhythmdieteveningnessmorningnessnutrient patterns

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Chronobiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chronotypes, reflecting natural sleep-wake patterns, can influence lifestyle behaviors, including diet.
  • Understanding the interplay between circadian rhythms and nutrient intake is crucial for personalized health recommendations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate associations between chronotypes and dietary nutrient patterns in a large adult cohort.
  • To identify specific nutrient patterns linked to morning, intermediate, and evening chronotypes.

Main Methods:

  • Secondary data analysis of 3,072 adults using the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) for chronotype assessment.
  • Dietary intake evaluated via 24-hour recalls, with nutrient patterns identified using statistical analysis.
  • One-way ANOVA and Multinomial regression were employed to determine associations.

Main Results:

  • The intermediate chronotype was most prevalent (73%).
  • A "Vit B-rich pattern" was associated with morning chronotypes.
  • Adherence to an "antioxidant pattern" was inversely linked to evening chronotypes, while a "high-fat pattern" was less common in intermediate types.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary patterns, such as "Vit B-rich" and "antioxidant," show differential associations with chronotypes.
  • Findings suggest chronotype may influence dietary choices, with morning types favoring Vitamin B and evening types potentially avoiding antioxidant-rich foods.
  • Further longitudinal research is recommended to establish causality between chronotype and dietary intake.