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A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data
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Long COVID in People With Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.
Chen Hu1, Jiyeon Son2, Lindsay McAlpine3
1Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology
|September 5, 2025
Summary
People with multiple sclerosis and related disorders have higher odds of long COVID, especially from worsening symptoms. Long COVID significantly worsens function and disability in this population.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Managing long COVID in people with multiple sclerosis and related disorders (pwMSRD) presents challenges due to overlapping symptoms.
- Existing evidence gaps necessitate research into long COVID susceptibility and its impact on pwMSRD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate long COVID susceptibility in pwMSRD compared to controls.
- To assess the association of long COVID with multi-domain function and disability in pwMSRD.
Main Methods:
- A multicenter cross-sectional study involving 969 pwMSRD and 1003 controls.
- Participants completed surveys on 71 post-infection symptoms, distinguishing new-onset from worsening symptoms.
- Long COVID was defined using the 2024 NASEM criteria; logistic and regression analyses were employed.
Main Results:
- PwMSRD exhibited higher odds of long COVID (aOR=1.6), with a stronger association for worsening symptoms (aOR=2.3).
- Long COVID correlated with poorer physical function, cognition, and increased depression in both groups.
- PwMSRD with long COVID experienced greater functional decline, depression exacerbation, and faster disability progression.
Conclusions:
- PwMSRD demonstrate increased susceptibility to long COVID, predominantly driven by symptom exacerbation.
- Long COVID significantly contributes to functional decline and worsening disability in pwMSRD.
- Early recognition and management of long COVID are crucial for improving outcomes in pwMSRD.
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