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Changes in nutrient intake of hypertensives during a behavioral weight-control program.

M P Nowalk, R R Wing

    Addictive Behaviors
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Hypertensive patients in a weight-loss program reduced calorie intake, leading to deficiencies in key nutrients like calcium. Low-calorie diets (<1000 kcal) were linked to poor nutritional adequacy.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nutrition Science
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Weight-control programs are common for managing hypertension.
    • Nutritional adequacy during calorie restriction requires careful monitoring.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the nutritional adequacy of diets in hypertensive patients undergoing a behavioral weight-control program.
    • To identify specific nutrient deficiencies and their correlation with calorie intake.

    Main Methods:

    • 26 hypertensive patients completed 3-day food records before and after an 8-week program.
    • Dietary intake was analyzed using the USDA Handbook 456 database.

    Main Results:

    • Caloric intake decreased by 39%, with a reduction in all nutrient consumption.
    • Calcium intake fell to unacceptable levels; deficiencies in thiamin, niacin, calcium, and iron increased significantly.

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  • Inadequate nutrient intake was most prevalent in patients consuming <1000 calories daily.

    • Conclusions:

    • While average nutrient intake was adequate, a significant number of patients had poor diets, especially those on very low-calorie diets.
    • Adding nutrient-rich foods, like skim milk, could improve dietary adequacy in such programs.