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Mucorales Endocarditis: A Case Series and Review of the Literature

Sara Elattar1, Kuldeep Ghosh2, Luis Lantigua Tatem2

  • 1From the Department of Medicine, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.

Cardiology in Review
|September 5, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Mucorales endocarditis is a rare, severe heart infection primarily affecting immunocompromised individuals. Despite aggressive treatment combining surgery and antifungals, survival rates for this devastating fungal infection remain very low.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Mycology

Background:

  • Mucorales endocarditis is an exceedingly rare and life-threatening cardiac infection.
  • While predominantly seen in immunocompromised patients, cases in immunocompetent individuals are also documented.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize existing literature on Mucorales endocarditis.
  • To analyze demographics, clinical presentations, predisposing factors, and treatment outcomes.
  • To provide insights for improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search for reported cases of Mucorales endocarditis.
  • Data extraction focusing on patient characteristics, clinical manifestations, and management strategies.
  • Analysis of treatment modalities including surgery, systemic and oral antifungal therapies.

Main Results:

  • The review identified key predisposing conditions such as immunosuppression, recent surgery, and cardiac device implantation.
  • Treatment typically involves radical surgery and systemic antifungal agents, with some patients requiring long-term oral suppressive therapy.
  • Despite aggressive interventions, the overall survival rate for Mucorales endocarditis is notably low, indicating a poor prognosis.

Conclusions:

  • Mucorales endocarditis presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
  • Aggressive multimodal treatment is necessary but associated with high mortality.
  • Further research is needed to improve outcomes for this rare fungal infection.
Keywords:
Mucoralesendocarditisibrutinibseptic pulmonary emboli

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