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Design Parametrization of Central Venous Catheters for Pediatric Dialysis: Supporting the Quest for the Most

Claudia Bruno1,2, Rukshana Shroff1,2, Silvia Schievano2,3

  • 1From the University College London - Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.

ASAIO Journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
|September 5, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric hemodialysis central venous catheters (CVCs) have design flaws. Proximal side holes significantly impact flow and shear stress, guiding the development of better CVCs for children.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Medical Device Design

Background:

  • Pediatric hemodialysis relies on central venous catheters (CVCs) for vascular access.
  • CVC complications can lead to treatment inadequacy and necessitate catheter replacement.
  • Optimizing CVC design is crucial for effective pediatric hemodialysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate design parameters influencing pediatric central venous catheter (CVC) flow performance.
  • To utilize computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for analyzing CVC hemodynamics.
  • To identify key geometrical features affecting CVC function in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • A design of experiment (DOE) approach was employed for CFD analysis.
  • Two CVC models (6.5F and 8F) were simulated.
  • Evaluated parameters included blood flow rates, shear stress, residence time, and platelet lysis index.

Main Results:

  • Proximal side hole geometry was the most influential design feature.
  • Side holes significantly impacted flow rates (r > 0.64) and shear stress (|r| > 0.5).
  • At higher flow rates, side holes competed with the catheter tip regarding residence time.

Conclusions:

  • CFD analysis effectively reveals the impact of CVC design parameters.
  • Proximal side hole design is critical for optimizing pediatric CVC performance.
  • Findings can guide the development of improved, pediatric-specific CVC models.

Keywords:
central venous catheterscomputational fluid dynamicsdesigngeometrical featureshemodialysispediatric

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