Decahedron-derived five-fold twin noble metal nanocrystals: Solution-phase synthesis, growth mechanism, and...

Five-fold twinned (FFT) noble metal nanocrystals have attracted considerable interest in nanoscience due to their unique structures. This review gives a comprehensive analysis on four common types of FFT noble metal NCs (Au, Ag, Pd, and Pt) synthesized in solution, covering both monometallic structures (e.g., nanodecahedra, nanorods, nanowires, nanobipyramids, and their derivatives) and multimetallic heterostructures, with a brief discussion on FFT Cu nanowires and Rh nanodecahedra. We start with a clear overview of their structural properties, thermodynamic and kinetic stability, and twinning behavior, which is followed by a detailed discussion of key synthetic methods and growth mechanisms driving their development. Next, we provide a summary of their applications. Finally, the review also includes personal insights and identifies future challenges, suggesting potential research directions in this field.