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Exercise with overdressing for heat acclimation: a multilayered approach using biophysical modeling and two
Andrew M Greenfield1, Shaun C Brazelton1,2, Billie K Alba1
1Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, United States.
Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|September 5, 2025
Summary
Heat acclimation is possible without hot weather using a practical exercise with overdressing protocol. This method effectively improves heat tolerance in individuals like military personnel and athletes.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Physiology
- Exercise Science
- Thermoregulation
Background:
- Rapid climate transitions pose heat stress challenges for military and athletes.
- Effective heat acclimation strategies are needed for those without access to hot environments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a practical exercise protocol using overdressing for heat acclimation.
- To assess the efficacy of this protocol in inducing physiological adaptations to heat.
Main Methods:
- Biophysical modeling identified optimal exercise (treadmill) and overdressing parameters.
- Two randomized crossover trials in fit males and females compared the novel protocol to control exercise.
- Heat stress tests were conducted before and after a 5-day intervention period.
Main Results:
- A single session of exercise with overdressing significantly increased core and skin temperature and heart rate.
- Five days of the protocol significantly reduced resting and peak core temperature, skin temperature, and heart rate during heat stress.
- Adaptations induced by exercise with overdressing were superior to control exercise.
Conclusions:
- A practical exercise with overdressing protocol effectively induces heat acclimation in a temperate environment.
- This approach offers a viable solution for individuals needing heat acclimatization without hot weather exposure.
- The findings have implications for preparing military personnel and athletes for hot conditions.
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