Immune-Mediated Chronic Hepatitis in Dogs

Immune-mediated chronic hepatitis is a common cause of chronic hepatitis in dogs. The clinical presentation, laboratory work, and imaging results are variable and not specific. Many dogs are subclinical in the early stages of disease. The diagnosis relies on exclusion of other etiologies including copper, medications/toxins, infection, and neoplasia as well as recognition of histopathologic features, namely interface hepatitis. Treatment is centered on immunosuppression with agents such as cyclosporine, mycophenolate, or corticosteroids with consideration to the adverse effects of each. Prognosis is generally good to excellent, but treatment in the earlier stages of the disease is preferred to optimize outcomes.