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A post-social question.

Juliano Fiori¹

¹Director, Alameda Institute.

|September 6, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The aid industry faces a social crisis, shifting from addressing societal issues to confronting social fragmentation. A new approach focusing on radical needs is essential for challenging current social transformations.

Keywords:

aid debt crisis financialisation globalization informality labour markets monopoly capitalism neoliberalism post‐social question social question

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Area of Science:

Development Studies
Sociology
Political Economy

Background:

Historical debates on foreign aid often centered on technical, financial, or political issues.
The modern aid enterprise originated as a response to the 'social question' stemming from capitalist property relations.
Contemporary challenges highlight a 'post-social question,' characterized by social fragmentation due to persistent property relations.

Purpose of the Study:

To reframe the central challenge facing the aid industry as social, rather than technical, financial, or political.
To analyze the evolution of aid from addressing the 'social question' to confronting the 'post-social question.'
To propose a new political framework for human life based on radical needs.

Main Methods:

Conceptual analysis of the evolution of the aid industry.
Critique of existing aid models in light of social fragmentation.
Theoretical exploration of a needs-based politics.

Main Results:

The primary challenge for aid is no longer technical or financial, but deeply social.
Aid withdrawal exacerbates hardship for dependent recipients, highlighting systemic issues.
The persistence of capitalist property relations fuels social fragmentation.

Conclusions:

A fundamental shift is needed in how aid is conceptualized and implemented.
A politics grounded in radical human needs is necessary to contest detrimental social transformations.
Addressing the 'post-social question' requires moving beyond traditional aid frameworks toward systemic social change.