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Published on: May 26, 2023
Unveiling key aroma compounds formation during the roasting process of Yunnan Arabica coffee using molecular sensory
Wang He1, Xiaomei Chen1, Jie Sun1
1Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
Abstract:
Yunnan coffee is praised for the sweet caramel aroma and slightly sour taste, but its key flavor compounds and aroma formation mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, the dynamic changes of coffee aroma, amino acids, free fatty acids, free sugars, chlorogenic acids and caffeine at different roasting degrees were investigated by SAFE-GC-MS and HPLC. Roasted coffees exhibited richer flavor profiles, especially caramel, nutty and roasted flavors, while the grassy, cereal and beany flavors of green beans (GB) were significantly diminished. Medium roasting (MR) balanced the preservation of compounds and the development of desirable sensory characteristics. Furthermore, 15 odorants were identified through molecular sensory science as key aroma compounds of MR. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that cysteine could be a potential precursor of 2-furfurylthiol, while sucrose could be a potential precursor of furaneol and 2,3-pentanedione. The results provide a theoretical reference for improving the flavor quality of Yunnan Arabica coffee.
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