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The effect of human bone morphology on sawing forces
Ali Ramezani1, Izadyar Tamadon1, Quint Meinders1
1Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, 7522 NB, the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
|September 6, 2025
Summary
This study reveals how human bone microstructure, specifically porosity and osteon density, influences sawing forces during orthopaedic surgery. A new model predicts these forces, aiding in optimizing bone cutting techniques.
Area of Science:
- Orthopaedic Surgery
- Biomaterials Science
- Surgical Technology
Background:
- Bone cutting in orthopaedics often uses oscillating saws, where forces impact cut quality.
- Understanding human bone microstructure's effect on sawing forces is crucial but limited.
- Existing research primarily focuses on bovine bone, necessitating human bone studies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between human bone microstructure and sawing forces.
- To develop a predictive model for sawing forces based on bone properties.
- To provide data for optimizing bone machining parameters in orthopaedic surgery.
Main Methods:
- Human cadaveric femoral bone samples were analyzed for porosity and osteon density.
- Samples were sectioned using a single-tooth saw blade at a controlled speed.
- Regression analysis was used to correlate microstructure with measured cutting and thrust forces.
Main Results:
- Human bone samples exhibited significant variation in porosity (5-86%) and osteon density (1-31 osteons/mm²).
- A logarithmic regression model demonstrated a significant relationship between microstructure and sawing forces.
- The model explained 68% of the variance in forces, accurately predicting sawing forces based on porosity.
Conclusions:
- Human bone microstructure significantly influences sawing forces during orthopaedic procedures.
- A validated regression model can predict sawing forces based on bone porosity.
- This research provides a foundation for optimizing saw blade parameters and bone cutting efficiency.
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