An aggregation interpenetrating induced poly(dopamine) conductive hydrogel grid for efficient glucose detection

Glucose sensors are critical analytical devices designed for precise and continuous monitoring of glucose concentrations, playing a pivotal role in healthcare, particularly in diabetes management. Here, we synthesis glucose oxidase (GOx)/Se hydrogel to detect the glucose, thereby generating measurable electrical signals. Further, the transfection of electronic signals rely on the poly(dopamine) (PDA) grid in hydrogel. The PDA intercalates into Se through coordination recombination to form a clustered conductive grid. This structure was interleaved in Se gel network through dopamine. Through the N-π and π-π interactions, the PDA aggregates and penetrates through the hydrogel forming a rapid conducting network. From the calculation and characterizations, the appropriate amount of PDA interpenetrates the hydrogel grid and build a cascade catalysis channel for electronic signals transfer. As a result, the hydrogel glucose sensor displayed 54.4 μA mM^-1·cm^-2 sensitivity and 1.38 μM limit of detection at a linear range of 0-15 mM. Compared to the hydrogel without PDA, the PDA hydrogel showed a significantly increasing of sensitivity.