Altered protective role of tyrosine and cystine-capped gold nanoparticles: A histological perspective

Amino acids are natural organic biomolecules with higher biocompatibility and are crucial for life reactions. Biomolecule-dependent functionality of metallic nanoparticles can tailor them with more effectiveness and biocompatibility. This study was designed to assess the histopathological aspect of gold nanoconjugates (AuNCs) exposure for antioxidant potential in albino mice (Mus Musculus). UV-visible spectroscopy of gold nanoparticles and conjugates displayed peaks at 543, 541, 534, and 527 nm for gold nanoparticles (C-AuNPs), glycine-gold nanoconjugates (Gly-AuNCs), cystine-gold nanoconjugates (Cys-AuNCs), and Tyrosine-gold nanoconjugates (Tyr-AuNCs), respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) also displayed a shift in the peaks of various functional groups during capping of the AuNCs. Histopathological analyses displayed that the tyrosine- and cysteine-capped gold nanoparticles displayed a good protective role against cadmium toxicity. These nanoconjugates are considered to be potentially valuable nanomaterials for biomedical purposes. However, further comprehensive research is required to assess their safety profiles prior to their practical use.