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Improvements in child resistant containers.

J R Sibert, A J Clarke, M P Mitchell

    Archives of Disease in Childhood
    |December 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Child-resistant containers have not significantly reduced solid medication poisonings in children under five. However, aspirin poisonings remain low, while liquid paracetamol poisonings have increased, highlighting the need for safer packaging.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Toxicology
    • Public Health
    • Pharmaceutical Safety

    Background:

    • Accidental poisoning in children under five is a significant public health concern.
    • Previous interventions, including voluntary agreements and regulations on child-resistant containers, aimed to reduce medication-related hospital admissions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze trends in accidental poisoning hospital admissions for children under five in South Glamorgan from 1980-1984.
    • To evaluate the effectiveness of child-resistant containers in preventing solid dose medication poisonings.
    • To identify specific medications contributing to poisoning incidents.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of hospital admission data for children under five in South Glamorgan.
    • Data collected for the period 1980-1984.

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  • Categorization of poisoning incidents by medication type (solid dose, liquid) and container type.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant decrease in hospital admissions due to solid dose, prescribable medication poisoning was observed after the 1981 voluntary agreement on child-resistant containers.
    • The majority of these poisonings involved non-child-resistant containers.
    • Aspirin poisoning rates remained low following 1976 regulations, but paracetamol liquid poisoning rates increased, primarily linked to one specific preparation.
    • The introduction of 'original pack' dispensing presents a new opportunity to implement child-resistant packaging.

    Conclusions:

    • Child-resistant containers have shown limited effectiveness in preventing accidental solid medication poisonings in young children.
    • Liquid paracetamol, particularly from a specific preparation, poses an increasing risk.
    • Mandating child-resistant containers for all child-toxic medications, especially with 'original pack' dispensing, is crucial for enhancing child safety.