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Interactions Between Active Matters and Endogenous Fields.

Jinwei Lin1,2, Qiaoxin Guan2, Jiangqi Feng3

  • 1Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Carrer de Baldiri i Reixac, 10-12, Barcelona, 08028, Spain.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|September 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Artificial active matter (AAM) shows promise in medicine. This review explores how biological fields guide natural active matter (NAM) and how this can inform AAM design for targeted therapies.

Keywords:
active mattercollective behaviorendogenous fieldsnanomotors

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Area of Science:

  • Interdisciplinary research at the intersection of biology, chemistry, materials science, engineering, and physics.

Background:

  • Active matter utilizes environmental energy for autonomous motion and exhibits non-equilibrium behaviors.
  • Artificial active matter (AAM), including nano/micromotors, has potential in precision medicine for drug delivery and targeted therapies.
  • Controlling AAM in complex in vivo environments is challenging due to the need for increased intelligence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To bridge interdisciplinary gaps in active matter research.
  • To summarize endogenous fields (chemical and physical) in biological contexts like tumors, wounds, and inflammation.
  • To explore how natural and artificial active matter interact with these fields and inform synthetic design.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewing characteristics of endogenous fields in biological systems.
  • Analyzing sensing, transmission, and response mechanisms of natural and artificial active matter to fields.
  • Discussing insights from natural systems for synthetic AAM design.

Main Results:

  • Endogenous fields are crucial for natural active matter (NAM) migration and collective behaviors.
  • Understanding NAM-field interactions provides a strategy for in vivo control of non-equilibrium systems.
  • Insights from NAM can guide the development of intelligent AAM for biomedical applications.

Conclusions:

  • Interdisciplinary collaboration is essential for advancing intelligent active matter.
  • Harnessing endogenous fields offers a pathway for sophisticated in vivo control of AAM.
  • This research can propel the development of advanced active matter for targeted biomedical applications.