Recent trends in basil seed gum-based films and coatings for food packaging: An updated review

Basil seed gum (BSG) is a natural, biodegradable hydrocolloid derived from basil seeds with promising applications in food packaging. Due to its biocompatibility, film-forming capacity, and favorable mechanical and barrier properties, BSG is an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic packaging. This review highlights the development and functional properties of BSG-based films and coatings, especially for preserving perishable foods like seafood, meat, poultry, fruits, and fried products. BSG films offer excellent protection against moisture, oxygen, and microbial growth, enhancing food safety and shelf life. They also improve the sensory attributes of food, including texture and appearance. Incorporating bioactive compounds can add antimicrobial and antioxidant benefits. These sustainable films support waste reduction and offer cost-effective packaging solutions. However, further studies are needed to refine formulations and validate large-scale applications. Collaborative efforts between researchers and industry stakeholders are essential to advance BSG's commercial use in sustainable food packaging.