Early Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Brain Functionality.

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Endocrinology
• Public Health

Background:

• Obesity is a global public health crisis characterized by chronic inflammation.
• Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is a common treatment for obesity, offering significant weight loss and metabolic improvements.
• While MBS benefits the central nervous system, it can also lead to neuronal complications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the early neurological effects of MBS on patients.
• To examine changes in hormonal balance, reward pathways, mood, and mental health within 6 months post-surgery.
• To highlight both the benefits and risks of MBS on brain function.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on the early postoperative effects of MBS.
• Analysis of research focusing on hormonal, reward system, mood, and mental health changes.
• Inclusion of studies observing effects up to 6 months after MBS.

Main Results:

• MBS leads to significant weight reduction and improved metabolic conditions.
• Early postoperative phases show hormonal shifts, altered reward mechanisms, and impacts on mood and mental health.
• While quality of life often improves, patients may face emotional vulnerability, nutritional deficits, and psychiatric complications.

Conclusions:

• MBS offers substantial benefits for obesity and related conditions.
• The early postoperative period after MBS requires attention due to potential neurological and psychiatric complications.
• Interventions are crucial to support patient quality of life during the early recovery from MBS.