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Operando NMR methods for studying electrocatalysis.

Zhiyu Zhu1, Ruipeng Luo1, Evan Wenbo Zhao1

  • 1Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

Magnetic Resonance Letters
|September 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Operando NMR spectroscopy offers molecular insights into electrochemical reactions, particularly for CO2 reduction. This review highlights its application in electrocatalysis, focusing on copper-catalyzed CO2 reduction mechanisms.

Keywords:
EC-NMRElectrocatalysisElectrochemical CO2 reductionIn situ NMROperando NMR

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Electrochemical measurements combined with spectroscopy reveal reaction mechanisms.
  • Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy offers atomic specificity for gas, liquid, and solid studies.
  • Operando NMR provides molecular-level insights into electrochemical processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review operando NMR setups and applications in electrocatalysis.
  • To focus on operando NMR for studying electrochemical CO2 reduction.
  • To provide perspectives on advancing operando NMR for Cu-catalyzed CO2 reduction.

Main Methods:

  • Introduction to various operando electrochemical NMR setups based on probe designs.
  • Review of operando NMR applications in monitoring electrolyte solutions.
  • Review of operando NMR applications in studying catalyst-adsorbate interfaces.

Main Results:

  • Operando NMR is extensively used in battery research but underexplored in electrocatalysis.
  • Applications include monitoring electrolyte solutions and catalyst-adsorbate interfaces.
  • Specific focus on electrochemical CO2 reduction and copper catalysis.

Conclusions:

  • Operando NMR is a powerful tool for understanding electrocatalytic mechanisms.
  • Further development of operando NMR methods is crucial for complex reactions like CO2 reduction.
  • This review emphasizes the potential of operando NMR in advancing electrocatalysis research.