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Clinical and Demographic Characteristics Associated with Type 1 Diabetes Distress in Latin American Children

Valeria Hirschler1, Amanda Benitez2, Andrea Escalante Marassi3

  • 1Epidemiology Division, Diabetes Argentine Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Journal of Pediatrics. Clinical Practice
|September 8, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Diabetes distress is common in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), affecting nearly 30%. High distress is linked to poorer glycemic control (HbA1c), highlighting the need for targeted interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Mental Health in Chronic Illness
  • Diabetes Management

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) presents significant psychosocial challenges for pediatric patients.
  • Diabetes-specific distress can negatively impact disease management and outcomes.
  • Understanding the prevalence and correlates of distress is crucial for effective support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence of diabetes-specific distress in children with T1DM.
  • To examine the association between distress and demographic, familial, educational, and clinical factors.
  • To identify predictors of high distress in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted in Argentina and Chile.
  • 143 children aged 8-17 years with T1DM (duration ≥1 year) participated.
  • Diabetes distress was quantified using the Problem Areas In Diabetes (PAID) questionnaire; high distress was defined as PAID ≥ 40.

Main Results:

  • The median PAID score was 25, with 28% of children experiencing high distress.
  • Higher hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were observed in children with high distress compared to those with moderate or low distress.
  • Children with high or moderate distress were more likely to live in single-parent households.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetes distress is prevalent among pediatric T1DM patients in Latin America.
  • Elevated distress is significantly associated with poorer glycemic control (higher HbA1c).
  • Interventions targeting diabetes distress may improve glycemic outcomes in children with T1DM.
Abstract

Keywords:
Latin American childrendistresstype 1 diabetes

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