The endonasal endoscopic surgical approach to challenging pediatric frontal sinus inflammatory lesions

A variety of pathologies and anatomical variations contribute to the underreporting of pediatric paranasal sinus disorders. The frontal sinus presents significant risk for complications due to its proximity to the orbit and brain. Three cases encountered in a tertiary hospital are discussed in this study to illustrate the usefulness of endonasal endoscopic methods in addressing pediatric frontal sinus lesions. These included bilateral frontal sinus mucopyoceles, bilateral frontal allergic fungal sinusitis, and a unilateral frontal mucocele, all of which were completely resolved with no recurrence during follow-up. Diagnosis is often delayed in pediatric patients due to their unusual presentations. In conclusion, endoscopic sinus surgery is the cornerstone for managing challenging pediatric frontal sinus disease, showing good recovery and superior cosmetic outcomes. The minimally invasive endoscopic approach is recommended for these conditions.