Rhinofacial Entomophthoromycosis: An Emerging Disease?

Entomophthoromycosis, a rare subset of chronic subcutaneous fungal infection caused by Conidiobolus coronatus and Basidiobolus ranarum. It predominantly affects immunocompetent individuals, mostly men. It is typically seen in tropical countries. These case reports describe two male patients a 52-year-old and a 45-year-old from eastern India with a one-year history of rhino facial swelling, initially posing a diagnostic challenge. The skin biopsy revealed granulomas, multinucleated giant cells, and a positive Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon, supported by MRI findings indicating soft tissue thickening and enhancement confirming the diagnosis. Both the patients were successfully managed with oral itraconazole and supersaturated potassium iodide which highlighted the importance of a comprehensive diagnostic approach and appropriate antifungal therapy.