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Pleural Effusion I: Introduction

Pleural Effusion I: Introduction

Pleural effusion is an abnormal fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity, a narrow space between the lungs and the chest wall. It is not a disease per se but rather a symptom or indication of an underlying disease. In normal circumstances, this space contains a small amount of fluid (5 to 15 mL), a lubricant facilitating the non-frictional movement of the pleural surfaces.
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Pleural Effusion Overview
A pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura layers of tissue that form the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. It can occur independently or due to surrounding parenchymal diseases, such as infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions.
Clinical Manifestations:

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A Rare Diagnosis Of Primary Effusion Lymphoma Presenting With Three-cavity Effusion: A Case Report.

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A Rare Diagnosis Of Primary Effusion Lymphoma Presenting With Three-cavity Effusion: A Case Report.

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A Rare Diagnosis of Primary Effusion Lymphoma Presenting With Three-Cavity Effusion: A Case Report.

Hari Movva¹, Yasamin Rastgar², Kinan Obeidat¹

¹Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, USA.

|September 8, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A case report details a transgender woman with advanced HIV/AIDS and non-adherence to ART who developed primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). This rare cancer presented as multi-cavity effusions and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.

Keywords:

anti-retroviral therapy effusion hiv aids immunocompromised patient primary effusion lymphoma three-cavity effusion

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Infectious Diseases
Hematology

Background:

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
PEL typically presents as serous effusions without a discernible solid tumor mass.
Management challenges include patient non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and the rarity of PEL.