A Readily Synthesized All-In-One Nanowire Hydrogel: Toward Inhibiting Tumor Recurrence and Postoperative Infection

Surgical resection remains the frontline intervention for cancer; however, postoperative tumor recurrence and wound infection remain critical unmet challenge in surgical oncology. Herein, an all-in-one nanowired hydrogel (V-Hydrogel) is developed through a facile one-step assembly employing enzyme-mimetic V₂O₅ nanowires and bactericidal crosslinker THPS. The V-Hydrogel reserves the glutathione peroxidase-, peroxidase-, catalase-, and oxidase-mimetic enzymatic activities derived from vanadium oxide nanowires, thereby exhibiting efficient tumor-specific catalytic therapy. Simultaneously, the introduction of bactericide THPS endows the potent antibacterial capabilities of V-Hydrogel against surgical site infections. This hydrogel exhibits dynamic mechanical adaptability to the tumor microenvironment (f), ensuring conformal coverage of irregular resection cavities for precise therapy. Additionally, the V-Hydrogel can reprogram the immunosuppressive TME via polarizing macrophages into antitumor M1 phenotypes and recruiting cytotoxic T cells, thereby establishing systemic antitumor immunity. This multifunctional vanadium-integrated hydrogel platform, designed based on the pathological characteristics of postoperative tumors, addresses key limitations in conventional postoperative therapies, offering a strategy for postoperative adjuvant tumor therapy.