Early Diagnosis and Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental syndrome that impacts two main areas: social communication and restrictive or repetitive behaviors. Other symptoms and comorbidities may be manifested, according to the different clinical presentations and severity levels. ASD diagnosis can be performed by two years of age; however, certain diagnostic challenges may lead to a late diagnosis and significant intervention delay. Studies have shown that early diagnosis and interventions have a positive impact on the child's development, acquisition of social or language skills, and overall quality of life. This review aims to explore the appropriate implementation of standardized, efficient diagnostic methods and criteria at primary care routine consultations, and prompt interventions that must follow in high-risk children.