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Allogeneic Treg-derived artificial vesicles: A promising therapeutic modality for multiple sclerosis
Irina Alekseevna Ganeeva1, Elvina Maratovna Gilyazova1, Arthur Ajdarovich Khannanov2
1Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia.
Bioimpacts : BI
|September 9, 2025
Summary
Researchers developed Treg-derived artificial vesicles (TrAVs) that show promise for treating multiple sclerosis (MS). These TrAVs effectively suppressed inflammation in immune cells, offering a potential new therapy for MS.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Neuroscience
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic CNS autoimmune disease where regulatory T cells (Tregs) and their derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have impaired function.
- Dysfunctional EVs in MS patients contribute to disease pathogenesis, highlighting their therapeutic potential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and characterize Treg-derived artificial vesicles (TrAVs) for potential therapeutic applications in MS.
- To evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of TrAVs on immune cells from healthy donors and MS patients.
Main Methods:
- Tregs were modified to create HLA class I-knockdown Tregs.
- Artificial vesicles (AVs) were generated using cytochalasin B or ultrasonication and characterized.
- The effects of AVs on T-cell responses and cytokine production (IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ) were assessed.
Main Results:
- Ultrasonication produced more AVs enriched with immunosuppressive proteins (PD-1, Tim-3) compared to cytochalasin B.
- Ultrasonication-induced AVs suppressed inflammatory markers like IFN-γ and modulated cytokine profiles in PBMCs from both healthy and MS individuals.
Conclusions:
- Treg-derived artificial vesicles (TrAVs) maintain immunosuppressive properties and modulate immune cell responses, indicating therapeutic potential for MS.
- Allogeneic EVs, including TrAVs, present a scalable, low-immunogenicity alternative to cellular therapies for MS, with potential for CNS delivery.
